The Newbery Medal was named for the 18th century British bookseller, John Newbery. It is awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children, a division of the American Library Association, to the authors of the most distinguished contributors to American literature for children. The Caldecott Medal was named in honor of the 19th century English Illustrator, Randolph Caldecott. It is awarded annually by the Association for Library Service to Children, a division of the American Library Association, to the artist of the most distinguished American picture book for children.